Estrogen is one of the key sex hormones that are responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. It is primarily produced in the ovaries and to a lesser extent in other tissues like fat, liver, adrenal glands and breasts.
There are three major naturally occurring estrogens in women - estradiol, estriol and estrone. Estradiol is the predominant and most potent one, while estriol and estrone are weaker metabolites. These hormones exert their effects by binding to and activating estrogen receptors throughout the body.
Some key functions of estrogen include:
- Development of female reproductive organs like uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix and vagina during puberty
- Regulation of the menstrual cycle
- Thickening of the endometrium (uterine lining) during the menstrual cycle to prepare for pregnancy
- Maintaining bone density and lowering risk of osteoporosis in later life
- Regulating cholesterol and body fat distribution
- Influencing collagen production and keeping the skin and tissues supple
- Regulating body temperature
- Influencing cognition, memory and mood
Estrogen levels start rising during puberty, peak during the reproductive years and subsequently fall during menopause. Declining estrogen during menopause can lead to hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, mood changes, sleep difficulties and bone loss.
Hormone replacement therapy and medications can help manage
menopause symptoms. Our clinic Vitality Hormone Center provides customized
bioidentical hormone therapy to help women alleviate unpleasant menopause symptoms and promote overall wellbeing during this transition. I'd be happy to schedule you a consultation to see if we can help!
Let me know if you have any other questions!